At-a-glance - Living arrangements and health status of seniors in the 2018 Canadian Community Health Survey

Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can. 2020 Jan;40(1):18-22. doi: 10.24095/hpcdp.40.1.03.
[Article in English, French]

Abstract

Currently, 1 in 3 Canadian seniors meet the criteria for successful aging, which include low probability of disease and disability, high cognitive and physical ability and active engagement in life. The sociodemographic characteristic of living alone can identify high-risk seniors, due to its association with lower social support and interactions, thus increasing susceptibility to negative health outcomes in older age. However, limited data exists on the living arrangements of Canadian seniors. In this analysis, we present sociodemographic characteristics and measures of health and social well-being of seniors by living arrangement. This information should be used to identify and support vulnerable seniors and increase the prevalence of healthy aging among Canadians.

À l’heure actuelle, au Canada, un aîné sur trois répond aux critères d’un vieillissement réussi, soit une faible probabilité de maladie et d’incapacité, des aptitudes cognitives et physiques élevées et une participation active à la vie. Les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des personnes vivant seules permettent de cibler les aînés à risque élevé, étant donné l’association avec un soutien et des interactions sociales souvent plus faibles, ce qui rend cette population plus susceptible de souffrir de problèmes de santé à un âge avancé. Il existe pourtant peu de données sur les conditions de logement des aînés canadiens. Dans cette analyse, nous présentons les caractéristiques sociodémographiques et les mesures de la santé et du bien-être social des personnes âgées en fonction de leurs conditions de logement. Ces données devraient servir à identifier et à soutenir les aînés vulnérables et à accroître la prévalence d’un vieillissement en santé chez les Canadiens.

Keywords: healthy aging; living arrangements; seniors.

Plain language summary

An understanding of living arrangements may help those who develop intervention programs better target seniors at higher risk for negative health outcomes in older age. We found that seniors who were female, older, lower-income, divorced or separated, living in a population centre, renters and less educated were most likely to live alone. Seniors who were living alone were also more likely to report poor perceived health and social well-being. These results may be useful in targeting policies and programs aimed to improve health outcomes among seniors.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Asian People / statistics & numerical data
  • Canada
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Educational Status
  • Family Characteristics
  • Female
  • Health Status*
  • Health Surveys
  • Humans
  • Independent Living / statistics & numerical data
  • Indigenous Peoples / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Marital Status
  • Residence Characteristics / statistics & numerical data*
  • Sex Factors
  • Social Support
  • White People / statistics & numerical data