Cytotoxic sesquiterpene glucosides from Fissistigma pallens

Abstract

Six undescribed sesquiterpene glucosides, fissispallins A-F, and one known sesquiterpene glucoside, fissispallin, were discovered in the leaves of Fissistigma pallens (Finet & Gagnep.) Merr. The structures were determined using spectroscopic methods, including 1D, 2D NMR, and MS. All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against three human cancer cell lines, HT-29, A-2058, and A-549. Fissispallin A showed potent activity with the IC₅₀ values less than 1.5 μM against all tested human cancer cell lines. Fissispallin also showed potent activity with IC₅₀ value of 0.4 ± 0.3 on the A-2058 cancer cell lines. Fissispallins B-D showed significant cytotoxic activity against all the tested cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 3.8 to 7.2 μM.

Keywords: Annonaceae; Cytotoxic activity; Fissispallin; Fissistigma pallens; Sesquiterpene.