Examining the influence of functionalized POSS on the structure and bioactivity of flexible polyurethane foams

Edyta Hebda; Artur Bukowczan; Sławomir Michałowski; Sebastian Wroński; Paulina Urbaniak; Mariusz Kaczmarek; Emilia Hutnik; Aleksandra Romaniuk; Maria Wolun-Cholewa; Krzysztof Pielichowski

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2019.110370

Examining the influence of functionalized POSS on the structure and bioactivity of flexible polyurethane foams

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2020 Mar:108:110370. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110370. Epub 2019 Nov 2.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Street, 31-155, Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: ehebda@chemia.pk.edu.pl.
² Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Street, 31-155, Kraków, Poland.
³ AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, al. 30 Mickiewicza Street, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
⁴ Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5D Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
⁵ Department of Immunology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5D Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
⁶ Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355, Poznan, Poland.

PMID: 31923950
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110370

Abstract

This work reports for the first time on a new class of flexible polyurethane foam hybrids (PUFs) synthesized with the use of less toxic aliphatic hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), which have been chemically modified by POSS moieties. The flexible polyurethane foam hybrids (PUFs) chemically modified by functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes: octa(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyldimethylsiloxy)POSS (OCTA-POSS) and 1,2-propanediolizo-butylPOSS (PHI-POSS), was obtained. The resulting foams, which contain 0 to 15 wt % POSS, were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, density and compressive strength. The FT-IR results indicate the chemical incorporation of both OCTAPOSS and PHIPOSS into the polyurethane matrix. SEM-EDS analysis showed that both OCTAPOSS and PHIPOSS nanoparticles are distributed homogeneously in the foam structure; at 15 wt % load PHIPOSS characteristic "crosses" are formed. With the increase of PHIPOSS content in the matrix, the formation of agglomerates is observed, as revealed by WAXD spectra. The introduction of POSS compounds reduces the porosity of the polyurethane, with the number of pores increasing as the amount of modifier increases. Mechanical tests - compressive strength - show that the hardness of modified materials (5 wt % POSS) increases compared to the reference material. An incubation was carried out in a simulated physiological fluid (SBF) to pre-assess the bioactivity of the materials obtained. The obtained results confirmed the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer on the PUF-POSS surface. Cytotoxicity, cell cycle and apoptosis of osteoblast cells and fibroblasts were assessed in the presence of the PUF-POSS materials. Test materials have a cytotoxic effect on both established cell lines. PUF-PHIPOSS samples showed better biocompatibility than reference and PUF-OCTAPOSS samples, as they caused lower mortality of the examined cells.

Keywords: Bioactivity; Cytotoxicity; Flexible polyurethane foams; Hybrid materials; POSS; Polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane.

MeSH terms

Apoptosis / drug effects
Biocompatible Materials / pharmacology*
Cell Count
Cell Cycle / drug effects
Cell Shape / drug effects
Compressive Strength
Fluorescence
Humans
Nanoparticles / chemistry
Necrosis
Organosilicon Compounds / chemistry*
Osteoblasts / cytology
Osteoblasts / drug effects
Polyurethanes / pharmacology*
Porosity
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

Biocompatible Materials
Organosilicon Compounds
Polyurethanes
polysilsesquioxane
polyurethane foam