Objectives: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by 2D-shear wave elastography (2D-SWE, GE, Logiq E9) in patients with known or suspected chronic liver disease and to define cutoff values for the different stages of fibrosis.
Methods: First, we retrospectively enrolled 21 patients in a pilot study and validated the results in a prospective cohort of 70 patients between May 2017 and February 2019. In all patients, LSM and liver biopsy were performed. We analyzed the diagnostic accuracy of LSM for the different fibrosis stages and examined the impact of additional clinical parameters on LSM.
Results: The success rate of LSM was 88.6%. In the prospective cohort, optimal cutoff values for F ≥ 1, F ≥ 2, F ≥ 3 and F = 4 were 6.24, 7.86, 8.05 and 10.74 kPa [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) 0.831, 0.913, 0.996 and 0.954]. In both cohorts and in the subgroup of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (n = 35), a cutoff value of 8.05 kPa differentiates patients with advanced fibrosis (F ≥ 3) and patients with no or mild fibrosis (F0-F2) with high diagnostic accuracy (AUROC 0.995-1.000). Parameters such as age, sex, BMI, bilirubin- and alanine aminotransferase-level had no significant impact on LSM.
Conclusion: LSM by 2D-SWE is an excellent method to differentiate between patients with advanced fibrosis (F ≥ 3) and patients with no or mild fibrosis (F ≤ 2). We were able to show this also in a subgroup of patients with NAFLD.