Injectable platelet-rich fibrin and microneedling for gingival augmentation in thin periodontal phenotype: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this present study was to evaluate the effect of gingival thickness (GT) and keratinized tissue width (KTW) using injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) alone and with microneedling (MN) in individuals with thin periodontal phenotypes.

Materials and methods: In this split-mouth study, 33 systemically healthy patients with thin periodontal phenotypes were randomly treated with MN + i-PRF and i-PRF. I-PRF was injected on one side, and MN + i-PRF was performed on the other side of the same patient at 4 sessions with 10-day intervals. Clinical periodontal measurements, GT and KTW were assessed before the treatment and every month for six months after the final injection.

Results: After the evaluation of GT between the groups, a statistically significant difference was found in MN + i-PRF group at the sixth month. In the intra-group comparisons, a statistically significant increase in GT was observed within both i-PRF [from 0.43 mm ± 0.14 to 0.62 mm ± 0.11 (p < .001)] and MN + i-PRF [from 0.4 mm ± 0.14 to 0.66 mm ± 0.12 (p < .001)] groups at the sixth month.

Conclusions: In individuals with thin periodontal phenotypes, standalone i-PRF and i-PRF with MN may have an influence in increasing GT. The results suggest that application of i-PRF and MN may be a first step of non-surgical method for increasing gingival thickness.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03274674.

Keywords: gingiva; gingival thickness; phenotype; platelet-rich fibrin; wound healing.