Post-Liver Transplantation Anemia and Its Correlation with Mortality and Graft Failure

Dig Dis Sci. 2020 Oct;65(10):3040-3051. doi: 10.1007/s10620-019-06021-7. Epub 2020 Jan 3.

Abstract

Background: In adults, post-liver transplantation anemia (PLTA) is common, but its characteristics and long-term influence on major outcomes have yet to be elucidated.

Aim: We aimed to assess prevalence, characteristics, predictors, and outcomes of PLTA at 6 months (early PLTA) and at 2 years (late PLTA).

Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected data from liver transplantations in adults during January 2007-December 2015. PLTA impact on various long-term outcomes was assessed, including mortality, composites of mortality or graft failure, cardiovascular outcomes, and malignancy occurrences.

Results: Hundred and fifty liver transplanted individuals were included. There was a 79% prevalence of anemia pre-transplantation, whereas early and late PLTA were evident in 58% and 40% of patients, respectively. Pre-transplantation anemia was associated with development of early PLTA which was associated with late PLTA. In a multivariate analysis, early PLTA was significantly associated with mortality or graft failure at a follow-up of 3 years (odds ratio 3.838, 95% CI 1.114-13.226). Late PLTA was not significantly associated with worse long-term outcomes.

Conclusions: Early and late PLTA are prevalent among liver transplanted patients. Early PLTA is associated with long-term mortality or graft failure.

Keywords: Blood tests; Liver diseases; Markers; Post-transplantation outcomes; Prognosis.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anemia / diagnosis
  • Anemia / epidemiology*
  • Anemia / mortality
  • Female
  • Graft Survival*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Israel / epidemiology
  • Liver Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Liver Transplantation / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome