Adrenal cortical carcinoma: pathology, genomics, prognosis, imaging features, and mimics with impact on management

Ayahallah A Ahmed; Aaron J Thomas; Dhakshina Moorthy Ganeshan; Katherine J Blair; Chandana Lall; James T Lee; Ali I Morshid; Mouhammed A Habra; Khaled M Elsayes

doi:10.1007/s00261-019-02371-y

Adrenal cortical carcinoma: pathology, genomics, prognosis, imaging features, and mimics with impact on management

Abdom Radiol (NY). 2020 Apr;45(4):945-963. doi: 10.1007/s00261-019-02371-y.

Authors

Ayahallah A Ahmed¹, Aaron J Thomas², Dhakshina Moorthy Ganeshan¹, Katherine J Blair¹, Chandana Lall³, James T Lee⁴, Ali I Morshid¹, Mouhammed A Habra⁵, Khaled M Elsayes⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
² Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
³ Department of Radiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
⁴ Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
⁵ Departments of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
⁶ Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. kmelsayes@mdanderson.org.

PMID: 31894378
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02371-y

Abstract

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. Most tumors are either metastatic or locally invasive at the time of diagnosis. Differentiation between ACC and other adrenal masses depends on clinical, biochemical, and imaging factors. This review will discuss the genetics, pathological, and imaging feature of ACC.

Keywords: Adrenal cortical carcinoma; Adrenal tumors; CT adrenal protocol; Cushing syndrome; Ki67; MRI; Weiss score.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / genetics*
Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / pathology
Adrenocortical Carcinoma / diagnostic imaging*
Adrenocortical Carcinoma / genetics*
Adrenocortical Carcinoma / pathology
Diagnosis, Differential
Genomics*
Humans
Neoplasm Staging
Prognosis