[The body hurts, and what about social pain? Does it hurts too?]

Aten Primaria. 2020 Apr;52(4):267-272. doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2019.10.003. Epub 2019 Dec 28.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

This paper studies the concept of «social pain» and its relationship with physical pain. An in-depth review of its physiology has been carried out, including similarities and differences in processing with relation to physical pain, as well as the interactions between both processes. Social pain is defined as an unpleasant emotional experience which is triggered when the individual feels excluded or rejected by people or social groups with whom they wish have a relationship. This perceived situation produces the same feelings of suffering as that of physical pain. This kind of pain is processed in the same brain areas as physical pain in its affective dimension. It may be revived mentally, even though the interpersonal conflictive situation may have ended long ago. Both types of pain are sources of stress. The confluence of both situations in the same individual adds complications and more pressure to that which is already exerted separately by both stressing factors. This circumstance must be taken into account when dealing with patients with chronic pain.

En este trabajo se habla del concepto de dolor social relacionándolo con el dolor físico, y se hace una revisión profunda sobre su fisiología, vías comunes y diferenciales de procesamiento con el dolor físico, e interacciones entre ambos.

El dolor social se define como una experiencia emocional desagradable desencadenada al percibirse el individuo como excluido o rechazado por parte de personas o grupos con los que desea relacionarse, lo que produce los mismos sentimientos de sufrimiento que el dolor físico. Se procesa en las mismas áreas cerebrales que el dolor físico en su dimensión afectiva. Puede revivirse mentalmente, aunque la situación conflictiva interpersonal haya terminado hace tiempo. Ambos tipos de dolor son fuentes de estrés. La confluencia en el sujeto de ambos complica y suma más presión a la que ejercen ambos estresores por separado. Esto debe ser tenido en cuenta a la hora de abordar a pacientes con dolor crónico.

Keywords: Chronic pain; Dolor crónico; Dolor social; Mental health; Pain perception; Percepción del dolor; Salud mental; Social pain.

MeSH terms

  • Chronic Pain / physiopathology*
  • Chronic Pain / psychology
  • Chronic Pain / therapy
  • Humans
  • Pain Perception / physiology*
  • Social Isolation / psychology*
  • Stress, Physiological / physiology*
  • Stress, Psychological / physiopathology*
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology
  • Stress, Psychological / therapy