Protease inhibitor S (PiS) and protease inhibitor Z (PiZ) variants in the SERPINA1 gene are the main genetics factors associated with COPD; however, investigations about other polymorphisms are scanty. The aim of this study was to evaluate two missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs709932 and rs1303) in the SERPINA1 gene in Mexican mestizo patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) related to tobacco smoking and biomass-burning exposure. 1700 subjects were genotyped and divided into four groups: COPD related to tobacco smoking (COPD-S, n = 297), COPD related to biomass-burning exposure (COPD-BB, n = 178), smokers without COPD (SWOC, n = 674), and biomass-burning exposed subjects (BBES, n = 551) by real-time PCR. Moreover, the patients' groups were divided according to their exacerbations' frequency. We carried out a haplotype analysis. We did not find differences in allele and genotype frequencies between groups in unadjusted and adjusted analyses, neither with these SNPs and lung function decline. Exacerbations' frequency is not associated with these SNPs. However, we found a haplotype with major alleles (CT) associated with reduced risk for COPD (p < 0.05). Our analysis reveals that SNPs different from PiS and PiZ (rs709932 and rs1303) in the SERPINA1 gene are not associated with COPD and lung function decline in a Mexican mestizo population. However, a haplotype shaped by both major alleles (CT haplotype) is associated with reduced risk for COPD.
Keywords: COPD; PiS; PiZ; SERPINA1; SNPs; biomass burning; tobacco smoking.