Association of DNA repair gene polymorphisms with colorectal cancer risk and treatment outcomes

Fawaz N Al-Shaheri; Kamal M Al-Shami; Eshrak H Gamal; Amjad A Mahasneh; Nehad M Ayoub

doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104364

Association of DNA repair gene polymorphisms with colorectal cancer risk and treatment outcomes

Exp Mol Pathol. 2020 Apr:113:104364. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104364. Epub 2019 Dec 24.

Authors

Fawaz N Al-Shaheri¹, Kamal M Al-Shami², Eshrak H Gamal³, Amjad A Mahasneh⁴, Nehad M Ayoub⁵

Affiliations

¹ Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), ImNeuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, ImNeuenheimer Feld 672, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. Electronic address: f.al-shaheri@dkfz-heidelberg.de.
² Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 720 South Donahue Drive, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States of America; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan. Electronic address: kma0058@auburn.edu.
³ Department of Oncology, Collage of Medicine, Bonn University, Germany; Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. Electronic address: s4esgama@uni-bonn.de.
⁴ Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan. Electronic address: amjada@just.edu.jo.
⁵ Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan. Electronic address: nmayoub@just.edu.jo.

PMID: 31881200
DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104364

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common carcinoma worldwide. Despite the progress in screening and treatment, CRC remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Alterations to normal nucleic acid processing may drive neoplastic transformation of colorectal epithelium. DNA repair machinery performs an essential function in the protection of genome by reducing the number of genetic polymorphisms/variations that may drive carcinogenicity. Four essential DNA repair systems are known which include nucleotide excision repair (NER), base excision repair (BER), mismatch repair (MMR), and double-strand break repair (DSBR). Polymorphisms of DNA repair genes have been shown to influence the risk of cancer development as well as outcomes of treatment. Several studies demonstrated the association between genetic polymorphism of DNA repair genes and increased risk of CRC in different populations. In this review, we have summarized the impact of DNA repair gene polymorphisms on risk of CRC development and treatment outcomes. Advancements of the current understanding for the impact of DNA repair gene polymorphisms on the risk and treatment of CRC may support diagnostic and predictive roles in patients with CRC.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Colorectal cancer; DNA repair; Polymorphism.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Colorectal Neoplasms / genetics*
DNA Repair / genetics*
Genetic Association Studies*
Genetic Predisposition to Disease*
Humans
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / genetics*
Risk Factors
Treatment Outcome