Pathophysiological Functions of the lncRNA TUG1

Chong Guo; Yuying Qi; Jiayuan Qu; Liyue Gai; Yue Shi; Chengfu Yuan

doi:10.2174/1381612826666191227154009

Pathophysiological Functions of the lncRNA TUG1

Curr Pharm Des. 2020;26(6):688-700. doi: 10.2174/1381612826666191227154009.

Authors

Chong Guo¹, Yuying Qi¹, Jiayuan Qu¹, Liyue Gai¹, Yue Shi¹, Chengfu Yuan^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry, China Three Gorges University, Yichang City Hubei Province, China.
² Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy Key Laboratory of Hubei province in China, Yichang City, China.

PMID: 31880241
DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666191227154009

Abstract

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with little or no coding capacity are associated with a plethora of cellular functions, participating in various biological processes. Cumulative study of lncRNA provides explanations to the physiological and pathological processes and new perspectives to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of some clinical diseases. Long non-coding RNA taurine-upregulated gene 1(TUG1) is one of the first identified lncRNAs associated with human disease, which actively involved in various physiological processes, including regulating genes at epigenetics, transcription, post-transcription, translation, and posttranslation. The aim of this review was to explore the molecular mechanism of TUG1 in various types of human diseases.

Methods: In this review, we summarized and analyzed the latest findings related to the physiologic and pathophysiological processes of TUG1 in human diseases. The related studies were retrieved and selected the last six years of research articles in PubMed with lncRNA and TUG1 as keywords.

Results: TUG1 is a valuable lncRNA that its dysregulated expression and regulating the biological processes were found in a variety of human diseases. TUG1 is found to exhibit aberrant expression in a variety of malignancies. Dysregulation of TUG1 has been shown to contribute to proliferation, migration, cell cycle changes, inhibited apoptosis, and drug resistance of cancer cells, which revealed an oncogenic role for this lncRNA, but some reports have shown downregulation of TUG1 in lung cancer samples compared with noncancerous samples. In addition, the molecular and biological functions of TUG1 in physiology and disease (relevant to endocrinology, metabolism, immunology, neurobiology) have also been highlighted. Finally, we discuss the limitations and tremendous diagnostic/therapeutic potential of TUG1 in cancer and other diseases.

Conclusion: Long non-coding RNA-TUG1 likely served as useful disease biomarkers or therapy targets and effectively applied in different kinds of diseases, such as human cancer and cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords: Long non-coding RNA; TUG1; Taurine-upregulated gene1; lncRNA; pathophysiological functions..

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Apoptosis
Cell Cycle
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Proliferation
Disease*
Humans
RNA, Long Noncoding / metabolism*

Substances

RNA, Long Noncoding
TUG1 long noncoding RNA, human