Purpose: To compare the effect of intravitreal injections of air with gas on vitreomacular traction (VMT) release and attempt to analyze predictive factors for success.
Methods: The medical records of patients with symptomatic VMT undergoing intravitreal injections (0.3 mL) of either octafluoropropane (C3F8) or air were retrospectively reviewed. The VMT release (primary end point) and the best-corrected visual acuity (secondary end point) were noted 1 month after injection. At baseline and 1 month after the injection, a macular optical coherence tomography was performed.
Results: Twenty-four eyes of 22 patients were included. Vitreomacular traction was released in 10 cases, 7 among 11 C3F8-injected eyes (63%) and 3 among 13 air-injected eyes (23%) (P = 0.045). In eyes with released VMT, ETDRS improved from 61 ± 35 (0-100) to 65 ± 37 (0-100) 1 month after the injection (P = 0.03). All patients with VMT release had a horizontal vitreomacular adhesion of less than 600 µm. Five eyes (23%) underwent vitrectomy after the injection of gas or air.
Conclusion: Posterior vitreous detachment in VMT can be observed with both air and gas injection with a low complication rate. The occurrence of VMT release observed with air seemed to be less frequent than that observed with gas.