We measured the morphological and anatomical traits of fine roots with 1-5 order in needleleaf species of Pinus koraiensis, broadleaf species of Acer mono, and shrub of Corylus mandshurica, with the aim to understand trait variations among root orders and species. The results showed that there was no significant difference in root diameter and root length among the three species, but was significant inter-specific differences in other traits. The stele diameter (117.91-2392.05 μm) and stele to diameter ratio (0.31-1.87) of P. koraiensis were significantly greater than that of A. mono and C. mandshurica, whereas tissue density of A. mono was significantly higher than that of P. koraiensis and C. mandshurica. Root diameter, root length, tissue density, stele diameter and stele to diameter ratio all increased with root order, but specific root length decreased for the three species. For all the species, there was a significant correlation between morphological and anatomical traits, such as root diameter and stele diameter, but the regression slope was significantly different between the absorption root (1-3 order) and the transport root (4-5 order). Root diameter was significantly positively correlated with stele diameter and cortical thickness of the three species, with the regression slope being significantly different among species.
以小兴安岭地区针叶树种红松、阔叶树种五角槭和灌木毛榛3种植物为对象,测定了1～5级细根的形态和解剖性状,研究根序及物种间的性状变异.结果表明: 3种植物除根直径和根长度无显著差异外,其他性状均存在显著的种间差异.红松的维管束直径(117.91～2392.05 μm)和维根比(0.31～1.87)均显著大于五角槭和毛榛,红松的比根长(0.72～18.26 m·g-1)显著小于五角槭和毛榛,而五角槭的组织密度显著大于红松和毛榛.随根序增加,3种植物的根直径、根长度、组织密度、维管束直径和维根比整体呈增加趋势,而比根长呈下降趋势.形态和解剖性状间存在显著相关关系,如根直径与维管束直径呈显著相关,但其回归斜率在吸收根(1～3级)和运输根(4～5级)间存在显著差异.3种植物的根直径和维管束直径、皮层厚度均呈显著正相关,其回归斜率在不同物种间存在显著差异.
Keywords: absorptive root; anatomical trait; morphological trait; root-order-based approach; transport root.