Objective: To understand the infection rate and genotype distribution of high risk-human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and the detection rate of different grades of cervical lesions in Han and Mongolian women in China and provide evidence for the development of screening and vaccination strategies for the prevention and control of cervical cancer in different ethnic groups. Methods: In June 2017, a multicenter, population-based study for cervical cancer screening in low-resource settings in China was conducted in three rural areas: Xiangyuan and Yangcheng counties in Shanxi province, and Etuoke county in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. A total of 9 517 women aged 30-65 years were included in the study, and two cervical and vaginal secretion samples were collected from them for HPV and PCR-based HPV DNA tests. The positive samples in any of two tests were used for PCR-based HPV genotyping test by using Sansure-pioneered One-Step Fast Release technology. Women with positive results in any the HPV tests were referred for colposcopy and punch biopsy was given if cervical intraepithelial neoplasia lesion (low-grade lesion or worse) was suspected in colposcopy evaluation. Endocervical curettage was performed if women had an unsatisfactory colposcopy exam (the squamocolumnar junction was not completely visible). Pathological detection result was used as the golden standard of diagnosis. Results: HR-HPV infection rates in Han and Mongolian women were 21.83% (1 842/8 438) and 24.93% (269/1 079), respectively. There were statistical differences in HPV infection rates between the two ethnic groups (χ(2)=5.328, P=0.021). The detection rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 in Mongolian women (2.83%) was higher than that in Han women (0.87%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2)=33.509, P<0.001). There were no significant differences in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse detection rate between the two ethnic groups [Mongolian woman: 1.04% (11/1 059), Han Woman: 0.95% (80/8 378), χ(2)=0.069, P=0.793]. Among Han and Mongolian women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse, the three most common HR-HPV types were HPV16, HPV52 and HPV58. There was no significant difference for multiple infection rate between Han and Mongolian women (41.37% vs. 44.35%, χ(2)=0.764, P=0.382). Conclusions: The results show that HPV infection rate in Mongolian women was higher than that in Han women. Close attention should be paid to HPV16, 52 and 58 in the prevention and control of cervical cancer in Han and Mongolian women.
目的： 评价我国汉族和蒙古族女性自然人群及不同宫颈病变级别中的高危人乳头瘤病毒型别分布及感染状况，为不同民族宫颈癌筛查和疫苗防控策略的制定提供理论依据。 方法： 2017年6月在我国山西省襄垣县、阳城县和内蒙古自治区鄂托克旗3个农村地区开展以人群为基础的多中心宫颈癌筛查研究，共纳入研究对象9 517名。所有研究对象均通过自我采样方法采集2份宫颈阴道分泌物标本，分别进行careHPV及PCR HPV检测（不分型），并对任意阳性标本进行基于PCR方法的HPV分型检测。上述两种方法任意阳性者转诊阴道镜，阴道镜下若有病变于病变处直接活检，阴道镜下不满意者行宫颈管搔刮术。病理结果作为最终疾病诊断金标准。 结果： 汉族女性HPV感染者1 842人（21.83%），蒙古族女性HPV感染者269人（24.93%），两个民族HPV感染率差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=5.328，P=0.021）。蒙古族女性宫颈上皮内瘤样变1级的检出率[2.83%（30/1 059）]高于汉族女性[0.87%（73/8 378）]，差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=33.509，P<0.001），但宫颈上皮内瘤样变2级及以上的检出率差异无统计学意义[蒙古族：1.04%（11/1 059）；汉族：0.95%（80/8 378），χ(2)=0.069，P=0.793]。两民族宫颈上皮内瘤样变2级及以上女性HR-HPV型别分布排在前三位的均是HPV16、52、58型。汉族和蒙古族女性多重感染率分别为41.37%、44.35%，两民族间差异无统计学意义（χ(2)=0.764，P=0.382）。 结论： 蒙古族女性的HPV感染率高于汉族女性，对汉族和蒙古族女性进行宫颈癌的综合防控时，应提高对HPV16、52、58型的重视。.
Keywords: Genotype; Human papillomavirus.