Self-perceived dental treatment need among adolescents: A hierarchical analysis

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to analyse the factors associated with self-perceived need for dental treatment among adolescents.

Methods: A representative sample in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, comprising 5558 adolescents, was evaluated in 2015. The adolescents were selected by probabilistic sampling by conglomerates in two stages. The outcome evaluated was self-perceived treatment need measured via a validated questionnaire. Independent variables included sociodemographic factors, type, frequency and reason for last dental visit, and examination of oral conditions. Statistical analysis was based on the multiple hierarchical logistic regression model.

Results: Of the total sample, 3340 (62.6%) adolescents reported needing dental treatment. After fitting the model, the self-perceived need for treatment was associated with adolescents with family income of up to $1,500 BRL (OR 1.39; [95% CI = 1.20-1.60]; P < .001), who sought dental services solely for curative treatment (OR 1.58; [95% CI = 1.46-1.72]; P < .001), reported toothaches in the previous six months (OR 2.88; [95% CI = 2.53-3.28]; P < .001), were dissatisfied with the appearance of their teeth and mouth (OR 5.94; [95% CI = 5.03-7.01]; P < .001), had caries in the posterior teeth only (OR 3.04; [95% CI = 2.77-3.33]; P < .001) or had caries in the anterior teeth (OR 4.75; [95% CI = 4.05-5.56]; P < .001).

Conclusions: The self-perceived need for dental treatment among Brazilian adolescents was associated with normative and subjective needs, and sociodemographic context factors. This finding provides important evidence for collective health planning.

Keywords: epidemiology; oral health; self-perception.