Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of tear abnormalities with benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) treatment.
Study design: Prospective and clinical study.
Methods: Forty eyes of 40 patients (12 men and 28 women, ages 63.5 ±12.9) with BEB and tear abnormalities were enrolled.
Results: The average scores for subjective symptoms as evaluated by the visual analog scale (VAS) were 46.3 and Dry Eye-Related Quality-of-Life Score (DEQS) were 63.7. The fluorescein breakup time (FBUT) was 2.7 ± 1.6 sec. Among fluorescein breakup patterns (FBUPs), dimple break, with the corresponding mechanism of decreased wettability was the most frequent, observed in 29 eyes (73%). The NEI score was 0.4 ± 0.7 and the van Bijesterveld score was 0.6 ± 0.8; the Schirmer 1 test value was 13.1 ± 9.4 mm. Eighteen patients received BTX-A treatment, and significant improvement was found in severity of subjective symptoms both on VAS and DEQS as well as for FBUT. The main FBUPs changed from dimple break to random break.
Conclusion: Tear abnormalities seen in BEB correspond to short BUT-type dry eye (DE), subclassified into decreased wettability DE in view of FBUPs.
Keywords: Dry Eye-Related Quality-of-Life Score (DEQS); blepharospasm; botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) treatment; dry eye; fluorescein breakup patterns.