Pharmacological myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibition in an obese/hypertensive mouse model attenuates obesity and liver damage, but not cardiac remodeling

Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 10;9(1):18765. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55263-y.

Abstract

Lifestyle factors are important drivers of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular syndromes, with low grade inflammation as a central player. Attenuating myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, an inflammatory enzyme associated with obesity, hypertension and heart failure, could have protective effects on multiple organs. Herein, the effects of the novel oral available MPO inhibitor AZM198 were studied in an obese/hypertensive mouse model which displays a cardiac phenotype. Eight week old male C57BL6/J mice received 16 weeks of high fat diet (HFD) combined with angiotensin II (AngII) infusion during the last 4 weeks, with low fat diet and saline infusion as control. Treated animals showed therapeutic AZM198 levels (2.1 µM), corresponding to 95% MPO inhibition. AZM198 reduced elevated circulating MPO levels in HFD/AngII mice to normal values. Independent of food intake, bodyweight increase and fat accumulation were attenuated by AZM198, alongside with reduced visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation and attenuated severity of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The HFD/AngII perturbation caused impaired cardiac relaxation and contraction, and increased cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. AZM198 treatment did, however, not improve these cardiac parameters. Thus, AZM198 had positive effects on the main lipid controlling tissues in the body, namely adipose tissue and liver. This did, however, not directly result in improved cardiac function.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin II / administration & dosage
  • Angiotensin II / toxicity
  • Animals
  • Diet, High-Fat / adverse effects
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Heart Ventricles / drug effects
  • Heart Ventricles / immunology
  • Heart Ventricles / pathology
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / blood
  • Hypertension / diagnosis
  • Hypertension / drug therapy*
  • Hypertension / etiology
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / blood
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / diagnosis
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / drug therapy*
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / etiology
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / drug effects
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / immunology
  • Liver / drug effects
  • Liver / immunology
  • Liver / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / blood
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / diagnosis
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / drug therapy*
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / etiology
  • Obesity / blood
  • Obesity / diagnosis
  • Obesity / drug therapy*
  • Obesity / etiology
  • Peroxidase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Peroxidase / blood
  • Peroxidase / metabolism
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Thioxanthenes / administration & dosage*
  • Ventricular Remodeling / drug effects
  • Ventricular Remodeling / immunology

Substances

  • Thioxanthenes
  • Angiotensin II
  • 2-thioxanthene
  • Peroxidase