SGK1.1 Reduces Kainic Acid-Induced Seizure Severity and Leads to Rapid Termination of Seizures

Cereb Cortex. 2020 May 14;30(5):3184-3197. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhz302.

Abstract

Approaches to control epilepsy, one of the most important idiopathic brain disorders, are of great importance for public health. We have previously shown that in sympathetic neurons the neuronal isoform of the serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK1.1) increases the M-current, a well-known target for seizure control. The effect of SGK1.1 activation on kainate-induced seizures and neuronal excitability was studied in transgenic mice that express a permanently active form of the kinase, using electroencephalogram recordings and electrophysiological measurements in hippocampal brain slices. Our results demonstrate that SGK1.1 activation leads to reduced seizure severity and lower mortality rates following status epilepticus, in an M-current-dependent manner. EEG is characterized by reduced number, shorter duration, and early termination of kainate-induced seizures in the hippocampus and cortex. Hippocampal neurons show decreased excitability associated to increased M-current, without altering basal synaptic transmission or other neuronal properties. Altogether, our results reveal a novel and selective anticonvulsant pathway that promptly terminates seizures, suggesting that SGK1.1 activation can be a potent factor to secure the brain against permanent neuronal damage associated to epilepsy.

Keywords: EEG; KA-induced seizures; Kv7 potassium channels; epilepsy; serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alternative Splicing
  • Animals
  • Electroencephalography
  • Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / toxicity
  • Hippocampus / drug effects
  • Hippocampus / metabolism*
  • Hippocampus / physiopathology
  • Immediate-Early Proteins / genetics*
  • Immediate-Early Proteins / metabolism
  • KCNQ2 Potassium Channel / metabolism
  • KCNQ3 Potassium Channel / metabolism
  • Kainic Acid / toxicity
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Neurons / metabolism*
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics*
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Seizures / chemically induced
  • Seizures / genetics*
  • Seizures / metabolism
  • Seizures / physiopathology
  • Status Epilepticus / chemically induced
  • Status Epilepticus / genetics*
  • Status Epilepticus / metabolism
  • Status Epilepticus / physiopathology

Substances

  • Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists
  • Immediate-Early Proteins
  • KCNQ2 Potassium Channel
  • KCNQ3 Potassium Channel
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • serum-glucocorticoid regulated kinase
  • Kainic Acid