Back ground: Leptospirosis is one of the common zoonotic diseases, endemic among farmers. Globally, awareness of risk factors is reported to be very low. This study aims to quantitatively analyze the knowledge and attitude related to leptospirosis in Madurai district and to identify misconceptions that result in poor practice.Material & methods: A cross-sectional survey on rural and urban population using a structured, validated questionnaire to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Leptospirosis.Results: 902 participants from rural and 1074 participants from urban population were enrolled. More than 98% knew seasonal fever to be common during rainy season, of them only 2.8% and 3.6% from rural and urban population mentioned microbes as a cause.Conclusion: Vulnerable populations were found to be less knowledgeable on risk factors and they had poor practice. Education had significant impact on knowledge and attitude of urban population; however, their practice did not improve with education.
Keywords: Attitude; knowledge; leptospirosis; population; practice.