Visible light degradation of reactive black-42 by novel Sr/Ag-TiO2@g-C3N4 photocatalyst: RSM optimization, reaction kinetics and pathways

Abstract

A novel Sr/Ag-TiO₂@g-C₃N₄ (SAT-C) composite catalyst was fabricated through a sol-gel method followed by hydrothermal process. The prepared catalyst was characterized well. The doped Ag and Sr nanoparticles played the crucial role as an electron transfer bridge and the surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag remarkably improved the charge separation efficiency and enhanced visible-light response towards reactive black (RB-42) degradation. The enhanced photogenerated charge separation resulted from the existed integrated electric field of heterojunction and the superposed light response from hybridization of TiO₂ and g-C₃N₄, Sr/Ag-TiO₂@g-C₃N₄ composites exhibited remarkably improved photocatalytic activities for degrading RB-42. Furthermore, the effect of various operational parameters on the photocatalytic process was systematically evaluated by using response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum degradation efficiency (95.6%) was observed under the optimal conditions ([RB-42]₀ = 20 mg/ L, [SAT-C]₀ = 0.2 g/ L, pH = 4.5 and t = 40 min) for RB-42. The RB-42 degradation kinetics was well studied under the optimal conditions. In addition, the main degradation products of RB-42 were identified by the LC/ESI-MS analysis.

Keywords: Degradation; RSM optimization; Reactive black-42; Sr/Ag-TiO(2)@g-C(3)N(4); Visible light.