Purpose of review: Pancreatic duct stones are sequela of chronic pancreatitis. They can cause pancreatic duct obstruction which is the most important cause of pain in chronic pancreatitis. Stone resolution has shown to improve pain. The goal of this review is to highlight recent endoscopic and surgical advancements in treatment of pancreatic duct stones.
Recent findings: Stone fragmentation by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has become first line and the mainstay of treatment for majority of patients with pancreatic duct stones. Introduction of digital video pancreatoscopy in the last few years with the capability of guided lithotripsy has provided a robust therapeutic option where extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is unsuccessful or unavailable. Historically, surgery has been considered a more reliable and durable option when feasible. However, it had not been compared with more effective endoscopic therapy. Lithotripsy (extracorporeal and pancreatoscopy guided) is evolving as a strong treatment modality for pancreatic stones.
Keywords: Chronic pancreatitis; Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP); Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL); Pancreatic lithotripsy; Pancreatic stones; Pancreatoscopy.