The AP-1 pathway; A key regulator of cellular transformation modulated by oncogenic viruses

Rev Med Virol. 2020 Jan;30(1):e2088. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2088. Epub 2019 Dec 1.

Abstract

Cancer progression is critically associated with modulation of host cell signaling pathways. Activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling is one such pathway whose deregulation renders the host more susceptible to cancer development. Oncogenic viruses, including hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human papilloma virus, Epstein-Barr virus, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus, are common causes of cancer. This review discusses how these oncoviruses by acting through various aspects of the host cell signaling machinery such as the AP-1 pathway might affect oncoviral tumorigenesis, replication, and pathogenesis. The review also briefly considers how the pathway might be targeted during infections with these oncogenic viruses.

Keywords: AP-1; cancer; oncogenic viruses.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Transformation, Viral*
  • Disease Susceptibility
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms / etiology*
  • Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Oncogenic Viruses / physiology*
  • Signal Transduction*
  • Transcription Factor AP-1 / metabolism*
  • Tumor Virus Infections / complications*
  • Tumor Virus Infections / virology*

Substances

  • Transcription Factor AP-1