Identification and Characterization of Key Chemical Constituents in Processed Gastrodia elata Using UHPLC-MS/MS and Chemometric Methods

Xide Ye; Yanhong Wang; Jianping Zhao; Mei Wang; Bharathi Avula; Qiaozhen Peng; Hui Ouyang; Zhong Lingyun; Jinlian Zhang; Ikhlas A Khan

doi:10.1155/2019/4396201

Identification and Characterization of Key Chemical Constituents in Processed Gastrodia elata Using UHPLC-MS/MS and Chemometric Methods

J Anal Methods Chem. 2019 Oct 23:2019:4396201. doi: 10.1155/2019/4396201. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Xide Ye^{1

2}, Yanhong Wang², Jianping Zhao², Mei Wang², Bharathi Avula², Qiaozhen Peng³, Hui Ouyang¹, Zhong Lingyun¹, Jinlian Zhang¹, Ikhlas A Khan^{2

4}

Affiliations

¹ School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 344000, China.
² National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS 38677, USA.
³ School of Computer Information Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330063, China.
⁴ Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS 38677, USA.

Abstract

Gastrodia elata Blume belongs to the Orchidaceae family. G. elata is often processed when used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In the current study, a traditional processing method, known as "Jianchang Bang," was applied. Steamed and dried (S&D) G. elata was processed with ginger juice for up to 5 days (GEP5D). An UHPLC-MS/MS combined with a chemometric method was developed for the analysis of processed G. elata along with the raw material as well as steamed and dried G. elata. As a result, the primary marker compounds were identified with the aid of TOF-MS and MS/MS analyses. Compared with the raw material of G. elata with GEP5D, three new parishin-type compounds were identified according to their retention time, accurate mass, and fragmentation patterns. The chromatographic peak areas for marker compounds, including S-(gastrodin)-glutathione, S-(4-hydroxybenzylamine)-glutathione, and parishin-type compounds, changed significantly. This result indicated that by applying the "Jianchang Bang" method, changes in chemical composition in G. elata contents were observed. The study also demonstrated that chemometric analysis is helpful in understanding the processing mechanism and will provide scientific support for the clinical application of G. elata.