Deep Characterization of the Human Antibody Response to Natural Infection Using Longitudinal Immune Repertoire Sequencing

Mol Cell Proteomics. 2020 Feb;19(2):278-293. doi: 10.1074/mcp.RA119.001633. Epub 2019 Nov 25.

Abstract

Human antibody response studies are largely restricted to periods of high immune activity (e.g. vaccination). To comprehensively understand the healthy B cell immune repertoire and how this changes over time and through natural infection, we conducted immune repertoire RNA sequencing on flow cytometry-sorted B cell subsets to profile a single individual's antibodies over 11 months through two periods of natural viral infection. We found that 1) a baseline of healthy variable (V) gene usage in antibodies exists and is stable over time, but antibodies in memory cells consistently have a different usage profile relative to earlier B cell stages; 2) a single complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) is potentially generated from more than one VJ gene combination; and 3) IgG and IgA antibody transcripts are found at low levels in early human B cell development, suggesting that class switching may occur earlier than previously realized. These findings provide insight into immune repertoire stability, response to natural infections, and human B cell development.

Keywords: Antibodies; B cell subsets; RNA SEQ; blood; cell sorting; class switching; complementarity-determining region 3; gene expression; human immune repertoire; longitudinal profiling; molecular biology; personalized medicine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • B-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • C-Reactive Protein / analysis
  • Complementarity Determining Regions / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin A / immunology*
  • Immunoglobulin Class Switching
  • Immunoglobulin G / immunology*
  • Leukocyte Count
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Picornaviridae Infections / blood
  • Picornaviridae Infections / genetics
  • Picornaviridae Infections / immunology*
  • Rhinovirus*
  • Sequence Analysis, RNA

Substances

  • Complementarity Determining Regions
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • C-Reactive Protein