The biocompatibility of silver and nanohydroxyapatite coatings on titanium dental implants with human primary osteoblast cells

Ranj Nadhim Salaie; Alexandros Besinis; Huirong Le; Christopher Tredwin; Richard D Handy

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2019.110210

The biocompatibility of silver and nanohydroxyapatite coatings on titanium dental implants with human primary osteoblast cells

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2020 Feb:107:110210. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110210. Epub 2019 Oct 30.

Authors

Ranj Nadhim Salaie¹, Alexandros Besinis², Huirong Le³, Christopher Tredwin⁴, Richard D Handy⁵

Affiliations

¹ School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, UK; Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, UK.
² School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, UK; School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, UK; Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, UK.
³ School of Mechanical Engineering and Built Environment, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Derby, UK.
⁴ Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, UK.
⁵ School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, UK; Visiting Professor, Department of Nutrition, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Electronic address: r.handy@plymouth.ac.uk.

PMID: 31761164
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110210

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are antimicrobial, with potential uses in medical implants, but Ag NPs alone can also be toxic to mammalian cells. This study aimed to enhance the biocompatibility of Ag NP-coated titanium dental implants with hydroxyapatite (HA) applied to the surface. Ti6Al4V discs were coated with Ag NPs, Ag NPs plus HA nanoparticles (Ag + nHA), or Ag NPs plus HA microparticles (Ag + mHA). The stability of coatings was explored and the biocompatibility with primary human osteoblasts over 7 days. Results showed that Ti6Al4V discs were successfully coated with silver and HA. The primary particle size of nHA and mHA were 23.90 ± 1.49 nm and 4.72 ± 0.38 μm respectively. Metal analysis showed that underlying silver coatings remain stable in DMEM culture media, but the presence of FBS in the media caused some initial (clinically beneficial) release of dissolved silver. With additions of HA, osteoblasts were adherent, had normal morphology, negligible lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leak, and showed alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Cell viability was around 70% throughout the Ag + nHA treatment. Overall, the implants coated with Ag + nHA maintained a higher degree of biocompatibility compared to those coated with Ag + mHA, or Ag NPs alone, suggesting the former has a benefit for clinical use.

Keywords: Amalar blue assay; Clinical safety; Dissolution; Implant coatings; Metal toxicity.

MeSH terms

Alkaline Phosphatase / metabolism
Alloys
Cell Adhesion / drug effects
Cell Line
Cell Survival / drug effects
Coated Materials, Biocompatible / chemistry*
Coated Materials, Biocompatible / pharmacology
Dental Implants*
Durapatite / chemistry*
Humans
Osteoblasts / cytology
Osteoblasts / metabolism
Particle Size
Silver / chemistry*
Silver / metabolism
Titanium / chemistry*

Substances

Alloys
Coated Materials, Biocompatible
Dental Implants
titanium alloy (TiAl6V4)
Silver
Durapatite
Titanium
Alkaline Phosphatase