Management of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Complicating Acute Coronary Syndromes

Curr Cardiol Rep. 2019 Nov 22;21(11):146. doi: 10.1007/s11886-019-1249-y.

Abstract

Purpose of the review: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) complicating acute coronary syndromes (ACS) continues to carry a high rate of morbidity and mortality despite significant advances in EMS and interventional cardiology services. In this review, we discuss an evidence-based approach to the initial care and management of patients with OHCA complicating ACS from the pre-hospital response and initial resuscitation strategy, to advanced therapies such as coronary angiography, targeted-temperature management, neuro-prognostication, and care of the post-arrest patient.

Recent findings: Early recognition of cardiac arrest and prompt initiation of bystander CPR are the most important factors associated with improved survival. A comprehensive and coordinated approach to in-hospital management, including PCI, targeted temperature management, critical care, and hemodynamic support represents a significant critical link in the chain of survival. OHCA complicated by ACS continues to be one of the most challenging disease states facing healthcare practitioners and maintains a high mortality rate despite substantial advancements in healthcare delivery. A comprehensive approach to in-hospital management and further exploration of novel interventions, including ECMO, may yield opportunities to optimize care and improve outcomes for cardiac arrest patients.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Urgent coronary angiography.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / complications*
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / diagnostic imaging
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / therapy
  • Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Humans
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / etiology
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / therapy*
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention