Carotenoid-loaded nanocarriers: A comprehensive review

Abdur Rehman; Qunyi Tong; Seid Mahdi Jafari; Elham Assadpour; Qayyum Shehzad; Rana Muhammad Aadil; Muhamad Waheed Iqbal; Marwan M A Rashed; Bilal Sajid Mushtaq; Waqas Ashraf

doi:10.1016/j.cis.2019.102048

Carotenoid-loaded nanocarriers: A comprehensive review

Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2020 Jan:275:102048. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102048. Epub 2019 Nov 7.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangsu Province, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangsu Province, China. Electronic address: tqyjn@163.com.
³ Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. Electronic address: smjafari@gau.ac.ir.
⁴ Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
⁵ State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi 214122, China.
⁶ National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
⁷ Solid-state Fermentation Resource Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Yibin University, 8 Jiusheng Road Wuliangye Avenue, Yibin 644000, Sichuan Province, China.

PMID: 31757387
DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102048

Abstract

Carotenoids retain plenty of health benefits and attracting much attention recently, but they have less resistance to processing stresses, easily oxidized and chemically unstable. Additionally, their application in food and pharmaceuticals are restricted due to some limitations such as poor bioavailability, less solubility and quick release. Nanoencapsulation techniques can be used to protect the carotenoids and to uphold their original characteristics during processing, storage and digestion, improve their physiochemical properties and enhance their health promoting effects. The importance of nanocarriers in foods and pharmaceuticals cannot be denied. This review comprehensively covers recent advances in nanoencapsulation of carotenoids with biopolymeric nanocarriers (polysaccharides and proteins), and lipid-based nanocarriers, their functionalities, aptness and innovative developments in preparation strategies. Furthermore, the present state of the art encapsulation of different carotenoids via biopolymeric and lipid-based nanocarriers have been enclosed and tabulated well. Nanoencapsulation has a vast range of applications for protection of carotenoids. Polysaccharides in combination with different proteins can offer a great avenue to achieve the desired formulation for encapsulation of carotenoids by using different nanoencapsulation strategies. In terms of lipid based nanocarriers, solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructure lipid carriers are proving as the encouraging candidates for entrapment of carotenoids. Additionally, nanoliposomes and nanoemulsion are also promising and novel-vehicles for the protection of carotenoids against challenging aspects as well as offering an effectual controlled release on the targeted sites. In the future, further studies could be conducted for exploring the application of nanoencapsulated systems in food and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) for industrial applications.

Keywords: Bioaccessibility; Carotenoids; Delivery; Encapsulants; Nanocarriers.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Carotenoids / chemistry*
Drug Carriers / chemistry
Humans
Hydrogels / chemistry
Lipids / chemistry
Nanostructures / chemistry*
Particle Size
Polysaccharides / chemistry
Proteins / chemistry
Surface Properties

Substances

Drug Carriers
Hydrogels
Lipids
Polysaccharides
Proteins
Carotenoids