The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) for DSM-5: A validation for neurodevelopmental disorders in Japanese outpatients

Takeshi Nishiyama; Satoshi Sumi; Hiroto Watanabe; Futoshi Suzuki; Yukiko Kuru; Tomoko Shiino; Takuma Kimura; Chaochen Wang; Yingsong Lin; Maya Ichiyanagi; Kou Hirai

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152148

The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) for DSM-5: A validation for neurodevelopmental disorders in Japanese outpatients

Compr Psychiatry. 2020 Jan:96:152148. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152148. Epub 2019 Nov 13.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kamibayashi Memorial Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan. Electronic address: p-gen@umin.ac.jp.
² Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kamibayashi Memorial Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan.
³ Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
⁴ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kamibayashi Memorial Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan; Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
⁵ Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan.
⁶ Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
⁷ Department of Early Childhood Education and Care, Nagoya Management Junior College, Owariasahi, Japan.

PMID: 31756584
DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152148

Abstract

Objective: The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) is a widely used semi-structured diagnostic interview in child and adolescent psychiatry. However, given the extensive use of the K-SADS-PL in clinical practice and research and its adaptation for use in many languages and cultures, validation studies of the instrument are scarce. This study was designed to examine the inter-rater reliability, criterion validity and construct validity of the updated instrument, the K-SADS-PL for DSM-5, in Japanese outpatients totaling 95 children and adolescents.

Method: We translated and adapted the updated instrument into Japanese using a standard forward-backward translation procedure. Two of nine experienced clinicians independently made diagnoses using the interview for each patient in a conjoint session. Discrepancies in diagnosis between two clinicians were resolved by consensus, and the consensus diagnosis was compared with a "best-estimate" diagnosis made by five experienced clinicians using all available data sources for patients who were blinded to the diagnosis using the K-SADS-PL for DSM-5. The "best-estimate" diagnosis of ASD was also based on the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders.

Results: The inter-rater reliability was very good, as shown by κ ≥ 0.8 for all disorders examined: autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, tic disorders, selective mutism, enuresis and encopresis. The criterion validity was good, as shown by κ ≥ 0.6 for all disorders examined, except for ASD (κ = 0.59). This study also revealed good construct validity of the instrument by confirming the expected associations with each scale from the Social Responsiveness Scale-2nd edition and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the K-SADS-PL for DSM-5 generates valid diagnoses in child and adolescent psychiatry.

Keywords: Child and adolescent psychiatry; Reliability; Semi-structured interview; Validity.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Validation Study

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Autism Spectrum Disorder / diagnosis*
Child
Child Behavior Disorders / diagnosis*
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Female
Humans
Japan
Male
Outpatients
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales*
Reproducibility of Results
Translations