Cannabinoid Oil Vaping-Associated Lung Injury and its Radiographic Appearance

Am J Med. 2020 Jul;133(7):865-867. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.10.032. Epub 2019 Nov 18.

Abstract

Background: Lung injury associated with cannabinoid oil vaping is rapidly becoming a serious public health concern. We describe the clinical and radiographic presentations of 5 patients with lung injury associated with vaping cannabinoid oils seen at a single institution.

Results: Of the 5 patients with suspected vaping-associated lung injury seen at our institution, 4 required supplemental oxygen, and all these 4 were admitted to the hospital. Three patients required admission to the intensive care unit. None of the patients required mechanical ventilation. All patients demonstrated a consistent radiologic appearance of diffuse bilateral ground-glass lung opacities that spared the extreme periphery. Three patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage, which revealed lipid-laden macrophages in 2 of them. All patients were successfully discharged from the hospital. Four received only supportive care, while the fifth required intravenous followed by oral corticosteroids.

Conclusions: We report the clinical and radiographic presentation of 5 patients at our institution with cannabinoid oil vaping-associated lung injury. All patients displayed a consistent chest radiographic pattern of injury. Most responded to supportive care, although one required the addition of corticosteroids. Bronchoalveolar lavage results suggest that this injury may related to a toxic form of lipoid pneumonia.

Keywords: Acute lung injury; CBD; Hypoxemia; THC; Vaping.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acute Lung Injury / chemically induced*
  • Acute Lung Injury / diagnosis
  • Adult
  • Cannabinoids / administration & dosage
  • Cannabinoids / adverse effects*
  • Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung / diagnostic imaging*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oils / administration & dosage
  • Oils / adverse effects
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Vaping / adverse effects*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Cannabinoids
  • Oils