Weipiling ameliorates gastric precancerous lesions in Atp4a-/- mice

BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019 Nov 19;19(1):318. doi: 10.1186/s12906-019-2718-y.

Abstract

Background: Altered cellular metabolism is considered to be one of the hallmarks of cancer (Coller, Am J Pathol 184:4-17, 2014; Kim and Bae, Curr Opin Hematol 25:52-59, 2018). However, few studies have investigated the role of metabolism in the development of gastric precancerous lesions (GPLs). Weipiling (WPL), a traditional Chinese medicine formula for treatment of GPLs. In this study, we evaluated the amelioration of GPLs by WPL and investigated the possible role of WPL in regulating glucose metabolism.

Methods: Firstly, the major components of WPL are chemically characterized by HPLC analytical method. In this study, we chose the Atp4a-/- mouse model (Spicer etal., J Biol Chem 275:21555-21565, 2000) for GPL analysis. Different doses of WPL were administered orally to mice for 10 weeks. Next, the pathological changes of gastric mucosa were assessed by the H&E staining and AB-PAS staining. In addition, TUNEL staining was used to evaluate apoptosis, and we further used immunohistochemically labelled CDX2, MUC2, ki-67, PTEN, and p53 proteins to assess the characteristic changes of gastric mucosa in precancerous lesions. The levels of such transporters as HK-II, PKM2, ENO1, MPC1, and LDHA were determined by Western blot analysis. Finally, we assessed the expression of mTOR, HIF-1α, AMPK, Rheb, TSC1 and TSC2 protein in the gastric mucosa of Atp4a-/-mice.

Results: In this work, we evaluated the protective effect of WPL on gastric mucosa in mice with precancerous lesions. The aberrant apoptosis in gastric mucosa of gastric pre-cancerous lesions was controlled by WPL (P<0.05). Furthermore, WPL suppressed the expression of CDX2, MUC2, ki-67, PTEN and p53, as the levels of these proteins decreased significantly compared with the model group (P<0.05). In parallel, WPL significantly suppressed the expression of transporters, such as HK-II, PKM2, ENO1, MPC1 and LDHA (P<0.05). In addition, mTOR, HIF-1a, AMPK, Rheb, TSC1 and TSC2 protein levels in gastric mucosa of Atp4a-/- mice in the high- and low-dose WPL groups were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.05), while the expression of TSC1 and TSC2 protein was significantly higher (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Conclusively, WPL could ameliorate GPLs in Atp4a-/- mice by inhibiting the expression of transporters and suppressing the aberrant activation of mTOR/HIF-1α.

Keywords: Atp4a−/−mice; Gastric precancerous lesions; Glycolysis; Traditional Chinese medicine; Weipiling; mTOR/HIF-1α pathways.

Publication types

  • Retracted Publication

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Drugs, Chinese Herbal / administration & dosage*
  • Gastric Mucosa / drug effects*
  • Gastric Mucosa / metabolism
  • Gastric Mucosa / pathology
  • H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase / genetics*
  • H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / genetics
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Precancerous Conditions / drug therapy*
  • Precancerous Conditions / genetics
  • Precancerous Conditions / metabolism
  • Precancerous Conditions / pathology
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein / genetics
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • Drugs, Chinese Herbal
  • Hif1a protein, mouse
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
  • Tsc1 protein, mouse
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein
  • mTOR protein, mouse
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Atp4a protein, mouse
  • H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase