Low seroprevalence and zero incidence rate of hepatitis E in men who have sex with men during a hepatitis A outbreak

J Med Virol. 2020 Aug;92(8):1359-1362. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25630. Epub 2019 Dec 2.

Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) are both secreted in feces. Despite HEV transmission in Europe is mainly zoonotic, person-to-person transmission has not been completely excluded. Men who have sex with men (MSM) constitute a high-risk group for HAV mostly due to oral sex. We investigated the potential transmission of HEV during an acute hepatitis A (AHA) outbreak mainly affecting MSM. One hundred and two patients were diagnosed with AHA. Sixty-nine (68%) self-reported to be MSM, 75% of whom had high-risk sexual behaviors and 46% had suffered previous sexually transmitted diseases. We collected serum from 85 (83%) patients during AHA. HEV-IgG seroprevalence was not different among MSM (7%) compared with non-MSM (8%) patients. Two patients had positive anti-HEV-IgM, but all samples tested negative for HEV-RNA. These results suggest that HEV does not spread by sexual contact or person-to-person in our area.

Keywords: hepatitis A virus; hepatitis E virus; men having sex with men; transmission.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Disease Outbreaks*
  • Hepatitis A / epidemiology*
  • Hepatitis Antibodies / blood*
  • Hepatitis E / epidemiology*
  • Hepatitis E / immunology*
  • Hepatitis E virus
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Sexual and Gender Minorities
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires

Substances

  • Hepatitis Antibodies