Relating GPI-Anchored Ly6 Proteins uPAR and CD59 to Viral Infection

Viruses. 2019 Nov 14;11(11):1060. doi: 10.3390/v11111060.

Abstract

The Ly6 (lymphocyte antigen-6)/uPAR (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor) superfamily protein is a group of molecules that share limited sequence homology but conserved three-fingered structures. Despite diverse cellular functions, such as in regulating host immunity, cell adhesion, and migration, the physiological roles of these factors in vivo remain poorly characterized. Notably, increasing research has focused on the interplays between Ly6/uPAR proteins and viral pathogens, the results of which have provided new insight into viral entry and virus-host interactions. While LY6E (lymphocyte antigen 6 family member E), one key member of the Ly6E/uPAR-family proteins, has been extensively studied, other members have not been well characterized. Here, we summarize current knowledge of Ly6/uPAR proteins related to viral infection, with a focus on uPAR and CD59. Our goal is to provide an up-to-date view of the Ly6/uPAR-family proteins and associated virus-host interaction and viral pathogenesis.

Keywords: CD59; Ly6/uPAR; Ly6E; uPAR/CD87; viruses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biosynthetic Pathways
  • CD59 Antigens / biosynthesis
  • CD59 Antigens / chemistry
  • CD59 Antigens / genetics
  • CD59 Antigens / metabolism*
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Multigene Family
  • Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator / biosynthesis
  • Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator / chemistry
  • Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator / genetics
  • Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator / metabolism*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Virus Diseases / metabolism*
  • Virus Diseases / virology*

Substances

  • CD59 Antigens
  • Cytokines
  • Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator
  • CD59 protein, human