Early Parkinson disease is the approximate time period between initial diagnosis and the onset of motor fluctuations. Treatment requires an integrative approach, including identification of motor and nonmotor symptoms, choice of pharmacologic treatment, and emphasis on exercise. Patients should be treated for motor symptoms, whereas medications may be delayed for milder symptoms. The choice of treatment in patients with early Parkinson disease must be weighed against financial considerations, ease of administration, and potential long-term adverse events. Nonmotor symptoms should also be identified and treated. Exercise is an important component for treatment of Parkinson disease at any stage.
Keywords: Deep brain stimulation; Early management; Exercise; Parkinson disease; Pharmacology.
Published by Elsevier Inc.