High-translucent yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramics are wear-resistant and antagonist-friendly

Fei Zhang; Benedikt C Spies; Jef Vleugels; Helen Reveron; Christian Wesemann; Wolf-Dieter Müller; Bart van Meerbeek; Jérôme Chevalier

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2019.10.009

High-translucent yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramics are wear-resistant and antagonist-friendly

Dent Mater. 2019 Dec;35(12):1776-1790. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.10.009. Epub 2019 Nov 12.

Authors

Fei Zhang¹, Benedikt C Spies², Jef Vleugels³, Helen Reveron⁴, Christian Wesemann², Wolf-Dieter Müller², Bart van Meerbeek⁵, Jérôme Chevalier⁴

Affiliations

¹ Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510, 7 Avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT -Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 7 blok a, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Materials Engineering, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Electronic address: fei.zhang@kuleuven.be.
² Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, Berlin, Germany.
³ KU Leuven, Department of Materials Engineering, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
⁴ Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510, 7 Avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
⁵ KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT -Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 7 blok a, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.

PMID: 31727445
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.10.009

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate two-body wear of three zirconia ceramics stabilized with 3, 4 and 5mol% yttria and to compare their wear behavior with that of a lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic.

Methods: Sixteen rectangular-shaped specimens made from three grades of zirconia ceramics and a lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic were polished and dynamically loaded in a chewing simulator (2kg vertical load, 2.1Hz) under water at 90°C for 1.2×10⁶ cycles (about 7 days) in the ball-on-plate mode against steatite antagonists. Surface roughness was measured before and after wear testing. Wear tracks were scanned with a non-contact 3D profilometer and super-impositions were used to determine wear loss of the antagonists. Wear surfaces were imaged by SEM. XRD and micro-Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize phase transformation and stress status in the worn and unworn areas of the zirconia ceramics.

Results: Independent of fracture toughness, strength and aging-susceptibility, the three zirconia ceramics showed a similar and limited amount of wear (∼10μm in depth) and were more wear-resistant than the lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic (∼880μm in depth). Abrasive wear without obvious cracks was observed for all investigated zirconias, whereas the glass-ceramic with a lower fatigue threshold and high susceptibility to surface dissolution exhibited significant abrasion, fatigue and corrosion wear. All three zirconia ceramics yielded a lower antagonist wear than the glass-ceramic and no significant differences were found between the zirconia ceramics.

Significance: In the context of this study, high-translucent zirconia ceramics stabilized with a higher yttria content, recently introduced in the dental field, were as wear-resistant and antagonist-friendly as conventional high-strength zirconia and suitable for monolithic restorations.

Keywords: Fracture toughness; Lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic; Two-body wear; Yttria content; Yttria-stabilized zirconia.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Ceramics
Dental Porcelain*
Materials Testing
Surface Properties
Yttrium
Zirconium*

Substances

Dental Porcelain
Yttrium
Zirconium
zirconium oxide
yttria