Objective: To investigate the influence of different variable combinations of the carrying system on gait and muscle fatigue during weight-bearing walking on both shoulders and back, and to optimize daily carrying experience. Methods: From September to December, 2018, 6 male college students were selected as subjects; the electromyographic signal of the anterior tibial muscle and plantar pressure were measured during weight-bearing walking under six different variable combinations of the carrying system (with the three variables of gravity center, single or double shoulders, and waist cushion), and a subjective evaluation test was performed for the degree of fatigue. The electromyographic data and plantar pressure data were processed and compared to evaluate behavior and fatigue. Results: Different variable combinations of the carrying system had significant influence on the degree of fatigue and gait (P<0.05). Both subjective and objective analyses found that the carrying system with different heights of gravity center and single-or double-shoulder carrying mode had great influence on human fatigue and walking gait, while the hardness of waist cushion had little influence. Compared with the other groups, the group with a high gravity center, a double-shoulder carrying mode, and a soft waist cushion had a significantly smaller slope of average electromyographic amplitude, a significantly larger slope of median frequency, and a significantly lower degree of plantar pressure curve disorder. Conclusion: The carrying system with a relatively high gravity center, a double-shoulder carrying mode, and a soft waist cushion can significantly relieve fatigue, with low influence on walking gait.
目的： 研究不同变量搭配情况对人体双肩背部负重行走的步态和肌肉疲劳度的影响，优化日常背负体验。 方法： 于2018年9~12月，选择6名男性大学生作为研究对象。测试6名研究对象在6组不同背负系统搭配方式下（重心、单双肩、腰垫3种变量）负重行走的胫骨前肌的肌电信号数据以及足底压力数据，同时进行疲劳度的主观评价测试；对肌电数据和足底压力数据进行处理和对比分析，评估行为和疲劳程度。 结果： 不同背负系统搭配均对人体的疲劳程度和步态有明显影响，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。主、客观评估分析均发现，不同的重心高度、单肩或双肩的背负方式对人体疲劳和行走步态影响较大，而腰垫的软硬对其影响较小。其中高重心、双肩背负、软腰垫组别平均振幅（aEMG）斜率较小，中位频率（MF）斜率较大，足底压力曲线紊乱程度较小，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论： 较高的背负重心、充分使用双肩进行背负以及附带较软材质的腰垫能够很好地缓解疲劳，较小程度影响人体行走步态特征。.
Keywords: Carrying system; Fatigue; Gait; Plantar pressure; Surface electromyography.