Tobacco use and the interplay of internalizing, externalizing and substance use problems: A latent class analysis of data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study

Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Dec 1:205:107686. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107686. Epub 2019 Oct 28.

Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoking is disproportionately high among adults with two or more psychiatric disorders (psychiatric comorbidities), yet research on non-cigarette tobacco use among this population is scant. Additionally, most studies on tobacco use this among this population rely on psychiatric diagnoses rather than individual symptoms, potentially excluding individuals with symptom-specific issues that increase their risk for tobacco use but do not meet the criteria for diagnosis. The objectives of this study were to identify unique classes of individuals based on symptoms of psychiatric disorders and to assess differences in demographic characteristics and tobacco use behaviors between classes.

Methods: This study used data from Wave 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study adult dataset. Latent class analysis was used to classify individuals based on internalizing, externalizing and substance use problems. Bivariate and multivariable models examined the association between latent class membership and current use of cigarettes, cigar products, electronic nicotine delivery systems, pipe, hookah and smokeless tobacco products. Poly tobacco use was also examined.

Results: Three latent classes were identified. The "normative" class reported low prevalence of all symptoms, the "severe internalizing and non-violent externalizing" class reported severe internalizing problems and non-violent externalizing problems and the "severe" class reported high prevalence of all symptoms. Tobacco use was highest for the "severe" class and lowest for the "normative" class across products.

Conclusions: Individuals in the "severe" class may be at elevated risk of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality and would likely benefit from targeted tobacco control interventions.

Keywords: Comorbidities; Mental health; Non-cigarette tobacco products; Substance use.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cigarette Smoking / epidemiology
  • Cigarette Smoking / psychology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Comorbidity
  • Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Latent Class Analysis*
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Smoking Water Pipes
  • Substance-Related Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Substance-Related Disorders / psychology*
  • Tobacco Products
  • Tobacco Use / epidemiology*
  • Tobacco Use / psychology*
  • Tobacco, Smokeless
  • Young Adult