Epidemiological profile of patients hospitalized with candiduria in the Central-Western region of Brazil

Abstract

Background: Candida yeasts are considered the main agents of nosocomial fungal infections.

Aims: This study aimed to establish the epidemiological profile of patients with candiduria hospitalized in the capital of the State of Mato Grosso, in the Central-Western region of Brazil.

Methods: Patients from three private hospitals and a public hospital participated in the study. This was an observational and cross-sectional study including analysis of patients mortality. It was carried out from March to August 2015.

Results: A total of 93 patients with candiduria were evaluated. Candida tropicalis was found most commonly (37.6%; n=35), followed by Candida albicans (36.6%; n=34), Candida glabrata (19.3%; n=18), psilosis complex (4.3%; n=4), Candida lusitaniae (1.1%; n=1) and Candida krusei (1.1%; n=1). Antibiotic therapy (100%) and the use of an indwelling urinary catheter (89.2%; n=83) were the most frequent predisposing factors. Antifungal treatment was given to 65.6% of the patients, and anidulafungin was the most used antifungal. Mortality rates were 48% higher among patients with candiduria who had renal failure. Micafungin was the antifungal most prescribed among the patients who died. Candidemia concomitant with candiduria occurred in eight (8.6%; n=8) cases. Considering the species recovered in the blood and urine, only one patient had genetically distinct clinical isolates.

Conclusions: Non-C. albicans Candida species were predominant, with C. tropicalis being the most responsible for most cases of candiduria.

Keywords: Brasil; Brazil; Candiduria; Epidemiological profile; Infección nosocomial; Nosocomial infection; Perfil epidemiológico.