Tectal and cortical effects on abducens motoneurones were examined with intracellular recording techniques in cats under chloralose anaesthesia. Abducens motoneurones exhibited disynaptic EPSPs after stimulation of the contralateral superior colliculus and cerebral peduncle. The tectal disynaptic EPSPs were observed invariably in all motoneurones tested, while the peduncular EPSPs were observed only in 40% of motoneurones after stimulation of the contralateral cerebral peduncle. However, the tectal disynaptic EPSPs were consistently facilitated by conditioning peduncular stimulation in all motoneurones tested. These results indicated that the disynaptic excitatory tecto-abducens and cortico-abducens pathways shared common premotor interneurones. The common interneurones which mediated the tectal and cortical disynaptic excitation of abducens motoneurones were explored in the pons. These interneurones were identified by the criteria that they were fired monosynaptically from both the tectum and the cerebral peduncle and were activated antidromically from the abducens nucleus. Systematic threshold mapping for the antidromic activation in and around the abducens nucleus indicated that they gave off many collateral branches in the nucleus. Such neurones were found in the nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis, being distributed in the area extending 0.8-3 mm rostral to the rostral pole of the abducens nucleus, 1.3-2.7 mm deep from the dorsal surface of the brain stem, and 0.8-1.8 mm lateral from the midline. The present experiments strongly suggest that a group of neurones in the paramedian pontine reticular formation make direct excitatory connexions with abducens motoneurones and play a role of common interneurones that transmit both tectal and cortical commands.