The surgical treatment of colorectal pathology can often lead to the need for a stoma, either colostomy or ileostomy. This surgery is associated with a high rate of complications.
Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the frequency of stomas complications, identify associated risk factors as well as new prevention strategies.
Materials and methods: Prospective observational cohort study on patients who underwent an ileostomy or colostomy at the Hospital U. Infanta Leonor between April 2016 and October 2017.
Results: A total of 87 stomas were performed in 83 patients, of which 77.01% had at least one complication. The most presented complication was dermatitis (54.02%), followed by detachment (40.23%) and flat stoma (21.84%). The greatest number of complications occurred in the second week of the postoperative period. The average height of the stomas made was 10.6 mm. BMI was associated as a risk factor for the development of stoma complications. Of all the patients, 55 had follow-up until 6 months.
Conclusion: Although our complication rate is high, this outcome is similar to others studies previously published. BMI was the unique risk factor associated with the development of stoma complications. New strategies related to the surgical technique can be developed to decrease our complication rate.