Cerebral palsy - beyond hip deformities

Pediatr Radiol. 2019 Nov;49(12):1587-1594. doi: 10.1007/s00247-019-04519-w. Epub 2019 Nov 4.

Abstract

Cerebral palsy is a neurologic condition with myriad musculoskeletal and articular manifestations. While every patient is unique with innumerable variations in presentation, symptoms and treatments, there are broad themes and recognizable patterns of development. Many of these findings spill over to other neurodevelopmental disorders, and lessons learned from children with cerebral palsy translate well to multiple neurologic conditions. This review focuses on the more common manifestations involving the spine, knee, foot and ankle, with an emphasis on collecting and describing imaging features, along with clinical and radiologic pearls and pitfalls.

Keywords: Cerebral palsy; Children; Feet; Lower extremity; Musculoskeletal; Radiography; Spine.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Ankle / diagnostic imaging
  • Ankle / physiopathology
  • Cerebral Palsy / complications*
  • Cerebral Palsy / physiopathology
  • Foot / diagnostic imaging
  • Foot / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Knee / diagnostic imaging
  • Knee / physiopathology
  • Lower Extremity / diagnostic imaging*
  • Lower Extremity / physiopathology
  • Musculoskeletal Diseases / complications*
  • Musculoskeletal Diseases / diagnostic imaging*
  • Musculoskeletal Diseases / physiopathology
  • Radiography / methods*
  • Spine / diagnostic imaging*
  • Spine / physiopathology