Early implant failure: a retrospective analysis of contributing factors

Dae-Young Kang; Myeongjin Kim; Sung-Jo Lee; In-Woo Cho; Hyun-Seung Shin; Jordi Caballé-Serrano; Jung-Chul Park

doi:10.5051/jpis.2019.49.5.287

Early implant failure: a retrospective analysis of contributing factors

J Periodontal Implant Sci. 2019 Sep 16;49(5):287-298. doi: 10.5051/jpis.2019.49.5.287. eCollection 2019 Oct.

Authors

Dae-Young Kang¹, Myeongjin Kim¹, Sung-Jo Lee², In-Woo Cho¹, Hyun-Seung Shin¹, Jordi Caballé-Serrano³, Jung-Chul Park¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Periodontology, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan, Korea.
² Department of Periodontology, Sejong Dental Hospital, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Sejong, Korea.
³ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, School of Dental Medicine, Barcelona, Spain.

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of early implant failure using a single implant system and to identify the factors contributing to early implant failure.

Methods: Patients who received implant treatment with a single implant system (Luna^®, Shinhung, Seoul, Korea) at Dankook University Dental Hospital from 2015 to 2017 were enrolled. The following data were collected for analysis: sex and age of the patient, seniority of the surgeon, diameter and length of the implant, position in the dental arch, access approach for sinus-floor elevation, and type of guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedure. The effect of each predictor was evaluated using the crude hazard ratio and the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) in univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, respectively.

Results: This study analyzed 1,031 implants in 409 patients, who comprised 169 females and 240 males with a median age of 54 years (interquartile range [IQR], 47-61 years) and were followed up for a median of 7.2 months (IQR, 5.6-9.9 months) after implant placement. Thirty-five implants were removed prior to final prosthesis delivery, and the cumulative survival rate in the early phase at the implant level was 95.6%. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that seniority of the surgeon (residents: aHR=2.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37-5.94) and the jaw in which the implant was placed (mandible: aHR=2.31; 95% CI, 1.12-4.76) exerted statistically significant effects on early implant failure after adjusting for sex, age, dimensions of the implant, and type of GBR procedure (preoperative and/or simultaneous) (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Prospective studies are warranted to further elucidate the factors contributing to early implant failure. In the meantime, surgeons should receive appropriate training and carefully select the bone bed in order to minimize the risk of early implant failure.

Keywords: Dental implants; Operative surgical procedures; Osseointegration; Risk factors.