Impact of intraoperative remifentanil on postoperative pain and opioid use in thyroid surgery

J Surg Oncol. 2019 Dec;120(8):1456-1461. doi: 10.1002/jso.25746. Epub 2019 Nov 3.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Remifentanil infusion is used as an intraoperative anesthetic for thyroidectomy, but has been associated with acute opioid tolerance and hyperalgesia. A national shortage of remifentanil provided an opportunity to study postoperative pain in patients undergoing thyroidectomy.

Methods: Retrospective review of prospectively collected data from an outpatient surgery center. Primary analysis compared patients treated before and after remifentanil shortage.

Results: Median postoperative opioid consumption was 20 morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) among those treated in the high-dose period and 15 MMEs in the low-dose period. Remifentanil/weight received was a significant predictor of requiring a postoperative narcotic (P = .006). Total non-remifentanil narcotics administered were equivalent but patients in the low dose period received higher amounts of intraoperative long-acting narcotics.

Conclusions: Remifentanil infusion for thyroid surgery is associated with higher postoperative pain and postoperative narcotics requirement. While a hyperalgesia state is possible, shifting of longer-acting narcotics from intraoperative to postoperatively is also supported.

Keywords: analgesia; endocrine surgery; opioid use; pain management; remifentanil; thyroid surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Ambulatory Surgical Procedures
  • Analgesics, Opioid / administration & dosage*
  • Drug Utilization / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infusions, Intravenous
  • Intraoperative Care
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pain Measurement
  • Pain, Postoperative / drug therapy*
  • Patient Discharge
  • Postoperative Period
  • Remifentanil / administration & dosage*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Thyroidectomy*

Substances

  • Analgesics, Opioid
  • Remifentanil