Outcomes and Outcome Measures in Breast Reduction Mammaplasty: A Systematic Review

Aesthet Surg J. 2020 Mar 23;40(4):383-391. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjz308.

Abstract

Background: Reduction mammaplasty remains critical to the treatment of breast hypertrophy. No technique has been shown to be superior; however, comparison between studies is difficult due to variation in outcome reporting.

Objectives: The authors sought to identify a comprehensive list of outcomes and outcome measures in reduction mammaplasty.

Methods: A comprehensive computerized search was performed. Included studies were randomized or nonrandomized controlled trials involving at least 100 cases of female breast hypertrophy and patients of all ages who underwent 1 or more defined reduction mammaplasty technique. Outcomes and outcome measures were extracted and tabulated.

Results: A total 106 articles were eligible for inclusion; 57 unique outcomes and 16 outcome measures were identified. Frequency of patient-reported and author-reported outcomes were 44% and 88%, respectively. Postoperative complications were the most frequently reported outcome (82.2%). Quality-of-life outcomes were accounted for in 37.7% of studies. Outcome measures were either condition-specific or generic; frequencies were as low as 1% and as high as 5.6%. Five scales were formally assessed in the breast reduction populations. Clinical measures were defined in 15.1% of studies.

Conclusions: There is marked heterogeneity in reporting of outcomes and outcome measures in the literature. A standardized outcome set is needed to compare outcomes of various reduction mammaplasty techniques.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Breast / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertrophy / surgery
  • Mammaplasty* / adverse effects
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care
  • Quality of Life