Objectives: In this study, we examined factors of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in elderly Koreans. Methods: We used 2015 data from the Sixth National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. To analyze physical activity (PA), we categorized participants were into those who met MVPA recommendations (150 minutes/week of moderate PA or 75 minutes/week of vigorous PA) or those who did not. We also categorized them into high SB (620-1200 minutes/day of sitting) and low SB (30-600 minutes/day). Results: Final analyses included 1501 adults over 60 years old (mean: 69.2 ± 6.2). We performed multiple logistic regressions examining impacts of grip strength and body mass index, along with self-reports of perceived health, sleep duration, and demographics on PA and SB. We found positive associations between meeting MVPA guidelines and self-perceived health and urban living, but negative associations with sleep duration and education. A strong grip, high self-perceived health, long sleep duration (8-14 hours), and living with a partner were factors of being less sedentary. High annual income was a factor of being more sedentary. Conclusion: Our findings support efforts that develop interventions promoting active lifestyles among elderly Koreans.