Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder with a very heterogeneous clinical picture, affecting central nervous system, skin and bone system. Cerebrovascular lesions, such as moyamoya syndrome, are rarely seen in NF1. Approximately 250 children with NF1 and moyamoya syndrome have been reported. The clinical picture includes hemiparesis, hemianopsia, paresthesia, seizures, speech disorders, and intellectual disability. In this paper, we report on a 6-year-old girl with NF1 and moyamoya syndrome, with a brief review of the existing literature.