Multifunctional neuron-specific enolase: its role in lung diseases

Biosci Rep. 2019 Nov 29;39(11):BSR20192732. doi: 10.1042/BSR20192732.

Abstract

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), also known as gamma (γ) enolase or enolase-2 (Eno2), is a form of glycolytic enolase isozyme and is considered a multifunctional protein. NSE is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of neurons and neuroendocrine cells, especially in those of the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) lineage such as pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, intestine and lung. In addition to its well-established glycolysis function in the cytoplasm, changes in cell localization and differential expression of NSE are also associated with several pathologies such as infection, inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer. This article mainly discusses the role and diagnostic potential of NSE in some lung diseases.

Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Enolase; Neuron-specific enolase; Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis; Solitary pulmonary nodules.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cytoplasm / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Lung Diseases / metabolism*
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Neurons / metabolism*
  • Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / metabolism*

Substances

  • Phosphopyruvate Hydratase