DAV131A Protects Hamsters from Lethal Clostridioides difficile Infection Induced by Fluoroquinolones

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 Dec 20;64(1):e01196-19. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01196-19. Print 2019 Dec 20.

Abstract

Fluoroquinolone treatments induce dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota, resulting in loss of resistance to colonization by exogenous bacteria such as Clostridioides difficile that may cause severe diarrhea in humans and lethal infection in hamsters. We show here that DAV131A, a charcoal-based adsorbent, decreases the intestinal levels of the fluoroquinolone antibiotics levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in hamsters, protects their intestinal microbiota, and prevents lethal infection by C. difficile.

Keywords: Clostridioides difficile infection; antibiotics; dysbiosis; fluoroquinolones; hamster animal model; prevention.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adsorption
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Charcoal / administration & dosage*
  • Ciprofloxacin / adverse effects
  • Ciprofloxacin / pharmacokinetics
  • Clostridioides difficile* / pathogenicity
  • Clostridium Infections / prevention & control*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dysbiosis / chemically induced
  • Dysbiosis / metabolism
  • Dysbiosis / prevention & control
  • Fluoroquinolones / adverse effects
  • Fluoroquinolones / pharmacokinetics
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome / drug effects
  • Levofloxacin / adverse effects
  • Levofloxacin / pharmacokinetics
  • Male
  • Mesocricetus

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Charcoal
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Levofloxacin