Liquorice ingestion attenuates vasodilatation via exogenous nitric oxide donor but not via β2-adrenoceptor stimulation

PLoS One. 2019 Oct 18;14(10):e0223654. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223654. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

We examined the effect of liquorice ingestion on haemodynamic responses to exogenous nitric oxide donor (nitroglycerin) and β2-adrenoceptor agonist (salbutamol), and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity, in 21 volunteers and 21 reference subjects. Haemodynamic data was captured before and after sublingual nitroglycerin (0.25 mg) and inhaled salbutamol (400 μg) during orthostatic challenge utilising radial pulse wave analysis and whole-body impedance cardiography. The recordings were performed at baseline and following two weeks of liquorice intake (290-370 mg/d glycyrrhizin). Urinary cortisone and cortisol metabolites were examined. Liquorice intake elevated aortic systolic and diastolic blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance when compared with the reference group. Following research drug administration the liquorice-induced increase in systemic vascular resistance was observed in the presence of nitroglycerin (p<0.05) but no longer in the presence of salbutamol. Liquorice ingestion decreased cardiac chronotropic response to upright posture (p = 0.032) in unadjusted analysis, but when adjusted for age and sex the difference in the upright change in heart rate was no longer significant. The urinary cortisone to cortisol metabolite ratio decreased from 0.70 to 0.31 (p<0.001) after liquorice intake indicating significant inhibition of the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. In the reference group the haemodynamic variables remained virtually unchanged. These results suggest that liquorice exposure impaired vasodilatation in vivo that was induced by exogenous nitric oxide donor but not that induced by β2-adrenoceptor stimulation. Trial registration: EU Clinical Trials Register 2006-002065-39 ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01742702.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists / pharmacology
  • Adult
  • Albuterol / administration & dosage
  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects
  • Cardiography, Impedance
  • Eating*
  • Female
  • Glycyrrhiza / metabolism*
  • Hemodynamics / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nitric Oxide Donors / metabolism*
  • Pulse Wave Analysis
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / metabolism*
  • Vasodilation* / drug effects

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists
  • Biomarkers
  • Nitric Oxide Donors
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2
  • Albuterol

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01742702
  • EudraCT/2006-002065-39

Grants and funding

Research reported in this work was financially supported by Aarne Koskelo Foundation (to IHP), Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility Area of Tampere University Hospital (to IHP), Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research (to IHP), Sigrid Jusélius Foundation (to IHP), Paavo Nurmi Foundation (to IHP), and Pirkanmaa Regional Fund of the Finnish Cultural Foundation (to EJH). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.