Concordance between self-reported and actigraphy-assessed sleep duration among African-American adults: findings from the Jackson Heart Sleep Study

Chandra L Jackson; Julia B Ward; Dayna A Johnson; Mario Sims; James Wilson; Susan Redline

doi:10.1093/sleep/zsz246

Concordance between self-reported and actigraphy-assessed sleep duration among African-American adults: findings from the Jackson Heart Sleep Study

Sleep. 2020 Mar 12;43(3):zsz246. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsz246.

Authors

Chandra L Jackson^{1

2}, Julia B Ward^{3

4}, Dayna A Johnson⁵, Mario Sims⁶, James Wilson⁷, Susan Redline^{8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC.
² Intramural Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD.
³ Social & Scientific Systems, Durham, NC.
⁴ Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
⁵ Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
⁶ Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS.
⁷ Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS.
⁸ Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.
⁹ Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Abstract

Study objectives: Most epidemiological studies assess sleep duration using questionnaires. Interpreting this information requires understanding the extent to which self-reported habitual sleep reflects objectively assessed sleep duration, particularly among African Americans, who disproportionately experience poor sleep health.

Methods: Among African-American participants of the Jackson Heart Sleep Study, we investigated differences in questionnaire-based self-assessed average sleep duration and self-assessed wake-bed time differences compared to actigraphy-based assessments of total sleep time (TST) and average time in bed (TIB). Linear regression models provided estimates of concordance between actigraphy-based and self-reported sleep duration.

Results: Among 821 adults, self-assessed average sleep duration was lower than self-assessed wake-bed time differences (6.4 ± 1.4 vs. 7.5 ± 1.7 h, p < 0.0001). Mean actigraphy-based TST was 6.6 ± 1.2 h, and actigraphy-based average TIB was 7.6 ± 1.2 h. Self-assessed average sleep duration and actigraphy-based TST were moderately correlated (r = 0.28, p < 0.0001). Self-assessed average sleep duration underestimated actigraphy-based TST by -30.7 min (95% confidence intervals [CI]: -36.5 to -24.9). In contrast, self-assessed wake-bed time differences overestimated actigraphy-based TST by 45.1 min (95% CI: 38.6-51.5). In subgroup analyses, self-assessed average sleep duration underestimated actigraphy-based measures most strongly among participants with insomnia symptoms.

Conclusions: Among African Americans, self-assessed average sleep duration underestimated objectively measured sleep while self-assessed wake-bed time differences overestimated objectively measured sleep. Sleep measurement property differences should be considered when investigating disparities in sleep and evaluating their associations with health outcomes.

Keywords: African Americans; OSA; actigraphy; epidemiology; insomnia; objective; sleep; sleep duration; subjective.

Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Sleep Research Society (SRS) 2019.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

Actigraphy*
Adult
Black or African American*
Humans
Polysomnography
Self Report
Sleep

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding