Advancing Pharmacist Collaborative Care within Academic Health Systems

Linda Awdishu; Renu F Singh; Ila Saunders; Felix K Yam; Jan D Hirsch; Sarah Lorentz; Rabia S Atayee; Joseph D Ma; Shirley M Tsunoda; Jennifer Namba; Christina L Mnatzaganian; Nathan A Painter; Jonathan H Watanabe; Kelly C Lee; Charles D Daniels; Candis M Morello

doi:10.3390/pharmacy7040142

Advancing Pharmacist Collaborative Care within Academic Health Systems

Pharmacy (Basel). 2019 Oct 11;7(4):142. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy7040142.

Authors

Linda Awdishu^{1

2}, Renu F Singh^{3

4}, Ila Saunders^{5

6}, Felix K Yam^{7

8}, Jan D Hirsch^{9

10}, Sarah Lorentz¹¹, Rabia S Atayee^{12

13}, Joseph D Ma^{14

15}, Shirley M Tsunoda^{16

17}, Jennifer Namba^{18

19}, Christina L Mnatzaganian^{20

21}, Nathan A Painter^{22

23}, Jonathan H Watanabe²⁴, Kelly C Lee^{25

26}, Charles D Daniels^{27

28}, Candis M Morello^{29

30}

Affiliations

¹ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. lawdishu@ucsd.edu.
² San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. lawdishu@ucsd.edu.
³ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. rfsingh@ucsd.edu.
⁴ San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. rfsingh@ucsd.edu.
⁵ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. isaunders@ucsd.edu.
⁶ San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. isaunders@ucsd.edu.
⁷ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. fyam@ucsd.edu.
⁸ Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. fyam@ucsd.edu.
⁹ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. jdhirsch@uci.edu.
¹⁰ Irvine School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. jdhirsch@uci.edu.
¹¹ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. slorentz@ucsd.edu.
¹² San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ratayee@ucsd.edu.
¹³ San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ratayee@ucsd.edu.
¹⁴ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. jdma@ucsd.edu.
¹⁵ San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. jdma@ucsd.edu.
¹⁶ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. smtsunoda@ucsd.edu.
¹⁷ San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. smtsunoda@ucsd.edu.
¹⁸ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. jnamba@ucsd.edu.
¹⁹ San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. jnamba@ucsd.edu.
²⁰ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. cmnatzaganian@ucsd.edu.
²¹ San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. cmnatzaganian@ucsd.edu.
²² San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. npainter@ucsd.edu.
²³ San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. npainter@ucsd.edu.
²⁴ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Jhwatanabe@ucsd.edu.
²⁵ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. kellylee@ucsd.edu.
²⁶ San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. kellylee@ucsd.edu.
²⁷ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. cdaniels@ucsd.edu.
²⁸ San Diego Health System, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. cdaniels@ucsd.edu.
²⁹ San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. candismorello@ucsd.edu.
³⁰ Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. candismorello@ucsd.edu.

Abstract

Introduction: The scope of pharmacy practice has evolved over the last few decades to focus on the optimization of medication therapy. Despite this positive impact, the lack of reimbursement remains a significant barrier to the implementation of innovative pharmacist practice models.

Summary: We describe the successful development, implementation and outcomes of three types of pharmacist collaborative care models: (1) a pharmacist with physician oversight, (2) pharmacist-interprofessional teams and (3) physician-pharmacist teams. The outcome measurement of these pharmacist care models varied from the design phase to patient volume measurement and to comprehensive quality dashboards. All of these practice models have been successfully funded by affiliated health systems or grants.

Conclusions: The expansion of pharmacist services delivered by clinical faculty has several benefits to affiliated health systems: (1) significant improvements in patient care quality, (2) access to experts in specialty areas, and (3) the dissemination of outcomes with national and international recognition, increasing the visibility of the health system.

Keywords: advanced practice pharmacist provider; clinical pharmacy; collaborative practice.